Ventilator for draftless introduction of air



Dec. 2,4 1941. A. E. cHRlsTlANsl-:r: '2,254,659

VENTILATOR FOR DRFTLESS` INTRODUCTION 0F AIR Filed-March '7, 195s Patented Dec. 2, 1941 VENTILATOR FOB DRAFTLESS INTRODUC- TION F AIB Andreas Emanuel Christiansen, Copenhagen, Denmark Application In Claims.

By ventilation of rooms or premises used by human beings it is of vital importance that the fresh air is introduced in such a manner as to avoid an annoying draft. By means of open windows or other fresh air openings a sufficient renewal of air can certainly be obtained, however the draft which will be produced at some places in the room as a consequence of the admission of a concentrated jet of air will generally be objectionable and the openings will generally therefore be closed whereby Ventilation is stopped.

It has formerly been suggested to use ventilators with louvres consisting of V-shaped elements placed in such a way that they force lthe ow of air at sharp alterations of direction.

Thus, a large reduction is obtained particularly of the high velocities of the airstream as well as the sharp alterations of direction cause a separation of the heavier particles in the air such as dust and drops of rain by means of the centrifugal force. 'I'here are also ventilators which by means of radial oblique placed wings or concentric arrangements inside one other placed conical shaped elements try to obtain a uniform division in all directions of the inlet of air so that it is not introduced at high speed in one direction where it then would be felt as draft.

According to the present invention the parts of the ventilator'yielding rsistance are formedvas radial vanes with an angle shaped profile causing an eddy formation in the air owing through the ventilator by which it will not to such a marked extent, as would otherwise be the case, iiow in the direction fixed by the wings, but it will be more inclined to spread and thereby give a-more even distribution of the introduction of air than ventilators onlyv containing radial oblique placed wings.

Further the angle shaped slot which is produced between the radial vanes as a consequence March 7, 1938, Serial No. 194,503 vDenmark March 9, 1937 01. ssl-s6) consists of two wing bodies Vthe wings of which have right and left pitch respectively and which are put together and fixed in such a manner in l proportion to each other that the wings form 'the vanes with the angle shaped profile.

Further according to the invention the wings vare lon the inside wing-body lengthened out of their joining edge with-the wings on the outside wing-body whereby projecting -edges are produced here protruding into the angle shaped slot. By the terms inside and outside it should be understood the side of. the valve respectively toward the room to be the inside and away from the room the outside.

It has thus become apparent that the vanes in order to avoid that the velocity of air shall be re1- atively bigger in the direction of the axis of the ventilator should be arranged with their middle lines on an outward concave cone. l

the wings on the inside wing-body so that the width of the slots between the vwings on the outside body thereby will be smaller than the corresponding width of slots on the inside body.

In order not to counteract the spreading effect produced by the ventilator this should be arranged as free as possible. When the ventilator is thus arranged in a window it should not be of their angle shaped profile, will cause braking of the bigger velocities of air and a separation of dust and similar heavier particles hovering in V the air.

xedin a corner of the pane as commonly done as the nearest lying parts of window-easements 'and window-frames will turn the flow of air` so that the desired effect of the ventilator thereby would notbe obtained.

When fixing the ventilator according to the invention the following method is therefore used, viz: to cut a round hole approximately in the middle of the pane and fix the ventilatortherein which-from a point advantageous.

According to this method one can also by means of the ventilator according to the invention keep for instance exhibition panes free from dew on the inside. By giving the inside wing a bend so that their trailing edge has a pitch equal to'zero the division of air owing in could be altered so that the major part iiows to the side alongside the pane thereby preventing it from coming into touch with the warmand damp air in the room.

Generally onel would equip the ventilator with a closure by which it could be shut if so desired.

of beauty has 'also proved This closure could appropriately be formed by a nap hinged to the valve which when in its open position furthermore could be used to prevent the air from spreading itself in certain directions where one particularly wished to avoid draft as the closure when open is kept in a quite certain position.

Further details of the ventilator will appear from the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 shows an outlined cut through the radial wings.

' Figures 2-3 altered form of accomplishment of same.

Figure 4 form of accomplishment of a valve seen from the-outside.

Figure a cut after the line V-V in Figure 4, and

Figure 6 a ventilator from the inside.

According to the invention the ventilator consists of radial vanes with a V-shaped prole as shown outlined in Figure 1. It is within the scope of the invention to make the wings single or as a whole in one piece but preferably one would however make the wings as shown on the drawing by putting two wing-bodies together with oblique placed radial Wings I and 8 respectively, Figure 1.

By giving the inside branches of the angle shaped vanes a greater pitch than the outside branch a bigger width of slot is obtained by the ventilators inside (the side from which the air flows into the room) than by the outside (the side from which the air flows into the ventilator) whereby the velocity of the air flowing through the ventilator into the room is reduced. According to the invention the inside branches I of the angle shaped vanes are lengthened a bit beyond their adjoining edge with the outside branches 8 of the vanes by which a projecting edge 9 is produced.

'Ihis will force the stream of air to still greater alterations of directions as indicated by arrows in Figure 1, and hereby to a high degree increase the eifects made by the angle shaped profile.

It is furthermore within the scope of the invention possibly to equip the ventilator with yet another wing body with pitched wings 2 Whereby the wings obtain a zigzag profile as shown in Figure 2.

By the form of accomplishment of the ventilator shown in Figures 4-5 the inside wingbody consists of a number of say 16, 18 or more wings l,'which in a suitable manner for instance by-stamping out a sheet is cut and connected integrally with an annular ring 3, while towards the centre of the sheet they are connected together by a central part l. Hereto the outside wing-body is iixed by means of rivets 6. The outside wing-body consists only of`a central part `I with wings 8 and can like the inside wing-body be produced by stamping ,out a sheet. The wings 8 are so placed that their pitch is opposite the pitch of the wings I and the two wing-bodies are put together in such a kmanner that the wings in couples one from each wing-body form a vane with an 'angle shaped proille, Figure 1. The wings I are a bit beyond their adjoining edge with thewings 8 by which a projecting edge 9 is obtained.

Besides the vanes are impressed in such a manner that their middle lines of which two are shown on Figures 4 and 5, will lie on a cone with such an angle that the inside edges of the vanes (the trailing edges) will bein one plane.

To prevent the water held back in the ventilator from seeping down inwardly, the central part 4 on the inside wingbody has a somewhat larger diameter than the central part 'I on the outside wing body.

On the drawing the ventilator is shown ilxed in a round hole which is cut in a window-pane I0. The ventilator is held in position by means of a. ring II xed outwardly which by means of screws I2 is fixed to the ventilator when this is putin position. Between the window-pane Il and the rings 3 and II respectively areplaced neck-rings I3 of India rubber. The outward neck-ring is however broken at the end at a short piece and in the ring II is made a small hole, so that an opening is made here, through which the Water accumulated in the ventilator can drain out.

The ventilator can be equipped with a closure by which it can be shut if so desired. This closure might for instance as shown on the drawing consist of a ilap Il which by a hinge I5 is connected with a plate arranged on the ring 3. According to the invention the flap Il can besides 'be used to cut oi part of the air owing through the ventilator so that no air flows out in certain directions where one particularly desires to avoid draft, by ventilators iixed in window-panes for instance downwards.

For this purpose iiap Ils opening angle a is by no means of a stoppage' I6 limited at about 55 and the hinge I5s axis is turned at an angle b at about opposite the direction of rotation of the air flowing in from the ventilator out from the direction in which it is particularly desired to avoid draft. Y

The ventilator iixed in the window-pane may besides ventilation as Well solve the problem to keep an exhibition pane free from dew on the inside. For this purpose the wings I are equipped with a bend so that their trailing edges I1, Figure 3, get a pitch equal to zero whereby the major part of the air coming through the valve will flow to the side along the window-pane.

I claim:

1. A ventilator for draftless introduction of air comprising vanes radiating from a center and arranged in a circle, the vanes being arranged in two sets, with the vanes of one set meeting the vanes of the other set and extending from the meeting point at opposite inclinations, whereby to denne air passages between any two adiacent meeting vanes of the two sets.

2. A construction as defined in claim 1 wherein thevanes of one set extend in both directions beyond the meeting point with the vanes of the other set.'

3. A construction as denned in claim 1 wherein the vanes of one set have an angular pitch varying from the angular pitch of the vanes of the other set.

4. A construction as dened in claim 1 including means for supporting the vanes to provide for the admission of air to and through the vanes and the escape of the air from the vanes, the vanes initially receiving the admitted air being spaced apart vertically of the supporting means less than the vertical spacing of the remaining vanes. Y

5. A construction as defined in claim 1 including an additional set of vanes radially disposed with respectto the center of the other vanes, and

disposed at an angle to each of the vanes of the other sets.

ANDREAS EMANUEL CHRISI'IANSEN. 

